Labour, scientific and technical and a mental potential

The Republic of Uzbekistan has powerful labour potential. A manpower make almost 50 % of all population, the annual gain is made by 210-220 thousand person. Middle age of the population - 24 years.
Prominent feature of Uzbekistan is the high educational level of his(its) population which level of literacy makes 99,06 % that puts republic in one number with economically advanced countries.
The level general(common) and vocational training is high also. In republic the obligatory general(common) secondary education is legislatively fixed.
In calculation on 1000 inhabitants in the age of 15 years the number having the maximum(supreme) and incomplete higher education also is more senior has essentially increased and now makes 143 persons. 200 inhabitants from 1000 - experts with medium special education. Everyone the fourth, borrowed(occupied) in sphere of production of goods and services, has the maximum(supreme) or medium special education.
In republic the ramified network of educational institutions is created: 59 higher educational institutions, 258 medium special educational institutions, from which 75 colleges. In 1998 in the specialized maximum(supreme) and medium educational institutions it was trained over 360 thousand students.
Nucleus of an education system are the largest university centres known and outside republic: the Tashkent and Samarkand state universities, University of economic and diplomacy, University of world(global) languages the Tashkent economic university, Technical university, Agrarian university, the Conservatory, Театрально-art institute in capital of the country.
Now in the higher school of republic the new generation of the state educational standards providing educational, spiritual - moral, professional requirements to experts at a present-day level in view of achievements of the advanced countries in the field of education takes root. The organization of system of higher education at two levels - бакалавриат and a magistracy - provides preparation of highly skilled experts at a level of the standard world standards.
The radical image changes the order of reception in higher educational institutions. Since 1993 traditional examinations are replaced with introductory control tests - testing. It is carried out on the uniform materials prepared by the State centre of testing at the Government of Uzbekistan. During training рейтинговая the system of an estimation of knowledge of students everywhere takes root.
Head establishments on preparation, retraining and improvement of professional skill of executives of authorities and managements, experts of economic structures are Academy of the state and public construction at the President of a Republic of Uzbekistan, Банковско-financial academy.
Uzbekistan has large scientific and technical and a mental potential, enough the advanced scientific base. In republic 101 scientific research institute, 55 research divisions of high schools, 65 design organizations, 32 research-and-production associations and experimental the enterprises, 30 информационно-computer centers operates 362 research establishments, including. A nucleus of scientific potential is the Academy of sciences of a Republic of Uzbekistan - conducting scientific and experimental centre in Tsentral'noaziatskom region.
In sphere of a science it is borrowed(occupied) about 46 thousand person, including 2,8 thousand doctors and over 16 thousand candidates of sciences. Preparation of the scientific staff of the top skills on 20 branches of sciences is carried out.
In republic scientific schools world(global) are created. Achievements Uzbek математиков are widely known in the field of probability theory, the differential equations, the theory of transfer of the information which results have found wide application in hydrometeorology, biology, mechanical engineering, computer science, at calculation and modelling various natural and техногенных processes.
World(global) recognition researches физиков have received Uzbekistan in the field of a nature of superconductivity in solid-state фуллеренах and synthesizing of new effective superconducting materials.
Uzbek scientific петрологическая the school has defined a number of new directions in the theoretical and practical researches promoting the further disclosing of a ¿¡ÑÓá½ý¡«-source of raw materials of Uzbekistan and the Central Asia.
In Uzbekistan unique collections генофонда plants and microorganisms are created; the botanical herbarium most full in the Central Asia is collected.
In republic researches on a history and development of culture of Uzbekistan and the Central Asia are conducted, the Country stores(keeps) more than 50 thousand ancient manuscripts, among which a lot of unique and unique in the world.
Regulation of scientific and technical activity in republic is carried out by a known principle of the state support of development of a science and innovational activity, This principle provides orientation to final scientific and technological results, stimulation of a competition of intellectual production, effective functioning of the economic - legal mechanisms determining the responsibility of participants of scientific and technical and innovational activity for results of work and target use of public funds.
The important value in Uzbekistan is given to protection of laws of the intellectual property. In republic the effective patent system is created. Since 1993 of Uzbekistan is a member of the World organization of intellectual property (ВОИС) and участникомчетырех the major international agreements in this sphere:
- The convention on establishment VOIS;
- The Parisian convention on guarding the industrial property;
- Contracts on patent cooperation;
- The Madrid agreement on the international registration of marks.
In Uzbekistan the system of tax privileges for proprietors and users of objects of the industrial property operates, providing clearing of the tax to the income and the tax to currency proceeds which economically stimulates lawful use of results of scientific and technical creativity in various branches of a national economy of republic and creates favourable conditions for introduction of advanced foreign technologies.
As a result of the accepted economic and legal measures in republic the market of scientific and technical production and objects of the intellectual property develops.
The legislative base of Uzbekistan regulating legal relations in the field of guarding and use of objects of the intellectual property, includes Laws " About trade marks and service marks ", " About the inventions, useful models and industrial samples ", " About a right protection of the computer programs and databases ", " About selection achievements ".
In Uzbekistan it is created and the infrastructure of national patent system develops. Its(her) basic agency is the State patent department of the State Committee of a Republic of Uzbekistan on a science and equipment. His(its) structure includes Agency on a right protection of the computer programs and databases and Agency on a right protection of selection achievements.